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Tamid Chapter 3, Mishnah 3: Fetching the Lamb and the Four Chambers of the Beit HaMoked

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Tamid, Chapter 3, Mishnah 3. This chapter follows the kohanim from the moment the lotteries are decided through the opening acts of the morning service. In the previous mishnah, a kohen was sent up to watch for the first light of dawn and reported back that the eastern sky had brightened. Now that daybreak has been confirmed, the service can begin, and the first order of business is bringing the animal itself.

"Amar lahem", the kohen appointed over the service addressed them: "Se'u vehavi'u taleh", go up and bring a lamb, "milishkat hatela'im", from the lamb chamber. The kohanim were assembled together in the Lishkat HaGazit, and at this instruction one of them would head off to the storeroom that housed the flock and select an animal for the morning korban tamid.

"Vaharei lishkat hatela'im hayta bemiktzoa tzefonit ma'aravit." That storeroom occupied the northwestern corner of the Beit HaMoked, the fire hall we already encountered in the very first mishnah of our masechet. Having brought the Beit HaMoked into the discussion on account of the lambs, the mishnah pauses here to enumerate the other rooms that stood in that same building.

"Ve'arba lishachot hayu sham"

There were four chambers in the Beit HaMoked, one in each of its four corners.

  • "Achat lishkat hatela'im" - the lamb chamber just mentioned, where animals were held in readiness to serve as the tamid.

  • "Ve'achat lishkat hachotamot" - the seal chamber, which operated as a payment window. Whoever brought an animal offering was obligated to supply the accompanying flour and wine, and these were available for purchase from the Mikdash itself. The owner would enter this room, pay his money, and receive a stamped token marked with the type of offering he was presenting. From that marking, the officer who later distributed the goods knew precisely what measures of flour and wine that offering called for, and the owner would then go to another part of the Mikdash to collect them.

  • "Ve'achat lishkat Beit HaMoked" - the room of the fire itself, in which a flame was kept burning at all hours. A kohen who had contracted impurity and immersed in the mikveh would come in afterward to warm himself.

  • "Ve'achat lishkah", and one more chamber, "shehayu osim bah lechem hapanim", the room in which the lechem hapanim was baked. Twelve loaves were set out every Shabbat upon the shulchan that stood in the Azarah, and they lay there for the entire week until the next Shabbat, when a fresh set took their place. Hashem worked a miracle so that they never went stale, and the loaves being taken off were eaten by the kohanim. It was in this small room of the fire hall that they were made.