Shekalim, Chapter 4, Mishnah 3. After the previous Mishnah listed the needs that were funded from the chamber money, our Mishnah turns to discuss the leftovers of the chamber - the funds that remained after all those needs had been provided for. What was done with this money?
The opinion of Rabbi Yishmael:
"Lokchin bahem yeinos shemanim u'solasos, v'hasachar l'hekdesh - divrei Rabbi Yishmael" - with this money they would buy wine, oil and fine flour, and sell them to those who needed these items for their meal offerings and libations in the Beis HaMikdash. The profit that accumulated from this activity went to hekdesh. This is Rabbi Yishmael's opinion regarding what was done with most of the leftovers of the chamber.
The opinion of Rabbi Akiva:
"Rabbi Akiva omer: ein mistachrin mishel hekdesh" - one does not make a profit with hekdesh money, meaning that one may not engage in commerce with these funds. There are several reasons for this:
Availability of the funds: a person never knows - perhaps the money will be needed, and if it is tied up in a business venture it will not be available when the need arises.
The risk of loss: in a business venture a person may lose money.
The honor of hekdesh: such a business venture is not fitting for hekdesh money.
"V'lo mishel aniyim" - the same law applies to money belonging to the poor: one may not engage in commerce with it, for those very same reasons - lest a mishap result from it, and lest the money be needed for some purpose.
However, from the wording of the Mishnah it is not clear what is done with this money according to Rabbi Akiva, and two approaches are offered:
Some hold that the money is left in place until it is needed again for those same purposes for which it was previously used.
According to the Rambam, its law is the same as the law of the remainder of the chamber's Terumah.
In summary: in this Mishnah we learned what was done with the leftovers of the chamber. According to Rabbi Yishmael, wine, oil and fine flour were bought with them and sold for the needs of meal offerings and libations, and the profit went to hekdesh. According to Rabbi Akiva, one does not engage in commerce with hekdesh money or with money of the poor - because of the concern that it will not be available when needed, because of the risk of loss, and because it is not fitting. Within Rabbi Akiva's opinion there is a difference of view: some say the money is left in place until it is needed, and according to the Rambam its law is the same as the law of the remainder of the chamber's Terumah.
In the next Mishnah we will learn what is done with the remainder of the chamber's Terumah.