Nedarim, Chapter 6, Mishnah 7. This mishnah continues the idea the Sages expressed in the previous mishnah, where they disagreed with Rabbi Yehudah. In their view there is a fundamental difference between vowing against a general category of item, in which case a person is forbidden only in that item itself, and vowing against one particular, specified item, in which case he is forbidden even in anything that has the taste of that item.
One who vows against wine:
"Ha-noder min ha-yayin - mutar be-tavshil she-yesh bo ta'am yayin" - one who vows against wine in general is permitted to eat a cooked dish that has the taste of wine in it. The reason is straightforward: this is not wine, but a cooked food that merely has the taste of wine, and not the wine itself.
"Amar konam yayin zeh she-eini to'em, ve-nafal le-tavshil" - but if he said about a particular wine that he vows not to taste it, and that wine fell into a cooked dish, the matter must be weighed and examined: "Im yesh bo be-nosen ta'am - harei zeh asur". That is, if the taste of the wine can be discerned in the dish, the dish is forbidden; and if it does not impart taste, it is permitted.
One who vows against grapes and against olives:
"Ha-noder min ha-anavim - mutar be-yayin" - one who vows not to eat grapes is permitted to drink wine, even though wine is a product of grapes, since he forbade upon himself only the grapes themselves.
"Min ha-zeisim - mutar be-shemen" - so too, one who vows not to eat olives is permitted the oil that comes from olives, since he forbade upon himself only the olives themselves.
"Amar konam zeisim va-anavim eilu she-eini to'em - asur bahen u-va-yotzei mehen" - but one who says about these olives or these grapes that he will not taste them is forbidden both in them themselves and in any product that comes from them.
In summary: in this mishnah we learned the distinction between a general vow and a vow concerning a particular item. One who vows against wine, grapes or olives in general is forbidden only in those items themselves, and is permitted a cooked dish with the taste of wine, and permitted wine and oil. But one who directs his vow at a specific item is forbidden even in what comes from it, and regarding a dish into which it fell, everything depends on whether it imparts taste.