TheWholeTorah.aiBeta

Megillah Chapter 2, Mishnah 5: Mitzvos Valid the Entire Day

Chavrusa Learning
Listen0:00 / 0:00

Megillah, chapter two, mishnah 5. The previous mishnah dealt with the time from which one may begin fulfilling the mitzvos of the day, while our mishnah establishes that the entire day is fit for their fulfillment. The words of the mishnah: "Kol hayom kasher" - that is, every hour of the day is fit for the mitzvos and the services listed below.

The mitzvos of the day:

  • "Likriyas haMegillah" - for reading the Megillah by day.

  • "Ulikriyas haHallel" - on the days when Hallel is recited. On Purim Hallel is not recited, because the reading of the Megillah itself serves as Hallel, as thanksgiving and praise to Hashem, as the Gemara states.

  • "Velisekias shofar" - whose mitzvah is by day.

  • "Velinetilas lulav" - taking the lulav and the esrog.

  • "Velitefillas hamusafin" - reciting the Musaf prayer.

  • "Velamusafin" - bringing the Musaf offering itself.

The confessions:

  • "Velividui haparim" - the confession recited over the bull: a Kohen Gadol who erred in a ruling brings a bull, and likewise a court that erred brings the bull of a communal error, and over both of them a confession is recited. This confession too may be said at any hour of the day.

  • "Vidui hamaaser" - the declaration a person makes after the third year of the shemittah cycle, and likewise after the sixth year, on the Pesach of the following year, that he handled all his tithes properly. This mitzvah too is performed by day, and the entire day is fit for it.

  • "Vidui Yom haKippurim" - the confessions that the Kohen Gadol makes on Yom Kippur: over his bull, and likewise over the goat that is sent away.

The services of the offerings:

  • "Lasemichah" - leaning the hands on the head of the offering before it is brought. This is not merely placing the hands, but pressing down forcefully on the head of the animal. This service too is performed at any hour during the day.

  • "Lashechitah" - slaughtering the offering.

  • "Latenufah" - waving any offering that requires waving.

  • "Lahagashah" - a meal offering must be brought up against the southwestern corner of the altar, and this is the mitzvah of hagashah. It too is performed during the day.

  • "Lakemitzah" - the kohen takes a full handful from the meal offering and burns it on the altar, and the kohanim eat the remainder of the meal offering.

  • "Ulehaktarah" - burning the handful. Although burning the remaining limbs of an olah and the like is valid even at night, burning the handful of the meal offering is considered like the sprinkling of the blood, and its halachic status is that of sprinkling the blood of an offering, and therefore it is performed by day.

  • "Lamelikah" - a kohen who performs melikah on a bird offering instead of slaughtering it cuts with his fingernail from behind the nape of the neck. Melikah too is performed by day.

  • "Ulekabbalah" - the kohanim receiving the blood of the offering.

  • "Ulehazayah" - sprinkling the blood.

  • "Ulehashkayas sotah" - giving the woman suspected of adultery the sotah waters to drink. This too is done by day, and the entire day is fit for it.

  • "Ulaarifas ha'eglah" - when a slain body is found and it is not known who struck him, the elders of the city bring a calf for atonement and break its neck. This act too is valid the entire day.

  • "Uletaharas hametzora" - the process of purifying the metzora, in which he brings the birds and the water and sends away one of the birds. This service too is performed during the day, and the entire day is fit for it.

In summary: our mishnah lists the mitzvos and services whose time is by day, and for which every hour of the day is fit: the mitzvos of the day (Megillah, Hallel, shofar, lulav and Musaf), the three confessions (the confession over the bulls, the confession of the tithes and the confession of Yom Kippur), and the various services of the offerings - from leaning and slaughtering to giving the sotah to drink, breaking the calf's neck and the purification of the metzora.