We continue with chapter five, mishnah 6. This mishnah teaches the details of the mitzvah of bi'ur (removal): after the third year, and likewise after the sixth year, comes the year of bi'ur, in which a person is required to clear out of his possession all the Terumos and tithes he is holding and to make a declaration about it, as the Torah spells out.
The time of bi'ur:
"Erev yom tov harishon shel Pesach shel revi'is v'shel shevi'is hayah bi'ur" - the time of bi'ur is the day before the first day of Pesach, in the fourth year and in the seventh year of the shemittah cycle.
The reason for this: the verse says "ki techaleh" - once you have finished the tithes of the third year; and the tithes of the third year are not finished until well into the fourth year. Therefore the fourth year and the seventh year are the time at which bi'ur is performed.
How is bi'ur performed?
"Keitzad hayah bi'ur" - what does it mean to rid oneself of all the Terumos and tithes in one's possession?
"Nosein terumah u'terumas ma'aser la'ba'alim" - Terumah, and likewise terumas ma'aser which is taken from the first tithe, are given to their owners, the kohanim.
"Ma'aser rishon liv'alav" - the first tithe is given to its owners, the Levi'im.
"Ma'aser ani liv'alav" - the tithe of the poor, of the third year and of the sixth year of the shemittah cycle, is given to its owners, the poor.
"Ma'aser sheni v'habikkurim nisrafim b'chol makom" - the second tithe and the bikkurim (the first fruits) are burned wherever they happen to be.
Jerusalem is the place where the second tithe and bikkurim are normally eaten; but if they were not brought to Jerusalem by the time of bi'ur, a person removes them wherever they happen to be.
The view of Rabbi Shimon:
"Rabbi Shimon omeir: habikkurim nitanin la'kohanim k'terumah" - in his view bikkurim are not included among the items that are burned; rather, their law is like that of Terumah: they must be given to the kohanim. The Israelite is not the one who disposes of them; instead, he must see to it that they are brought to the kohen.
The dispute between Beis Shammai and Beis Hillel regarding a cooked dish:
"Hatavshil" - food that has already been cooked, where the fruit no longer stands on its own but has been blended into a mixture:
Beis Shammai say: "tzarich l'va'er" - even a cooked dish requires bi'ur.
Beis Hillel say: "harei hu k'm'vu'ar" - since the fruit has already been processed and no longer stands on its own but is mixed into a blend, it is no longer subject to bi'ur, and it is considered as though it has already been burned and destroyed.
In summary: in this mishnah we learned the details of the mitzvah of bi'ur: its time - the day before the first day of Pesach in the fourth year and in the seventh year; its manner - giving Terumah and terumas ma'aser to the kohanim, the first tithe to the Levi'im and the tithe of the poor to the poor, and burning the second tithe and bikkurim wherever they are. We also examined the view of Rabbi Shimon, that bikkurim are given to the kohanim like Terumah, and the dispute between Beis Shammai and Beis Hillel concerning a cooked dish in which the produce has been mixed in.