Kilayim, Chapter 6, Mishnah 2. In this mishnah we continue with the laws of an aris - this time an aris that extends out from a terrace - and afterwards we move on to the law of two rows of vines planted at different heights.
"Aris she'yotzei min hamadregah":
This refers to an aris that extends out horizontally from a hill, so that it juts out from the hill over the valley below it, with vines growing on top of it.
The words of Rabbi Eliezer ben Yaakov:
"Im omed ba'aretz u'botzer et kulo" - when a person can stand on the ground beneath the horizontal aris and harvest all of the grapes on it from there, it is close enough to the ground, and then "harei zeh oser arba amos basadeh" - the aris is considered a vineyard located in the field below the hill, and it prohibits four amos from the base where it ends. Its status is that of a vineyard, and one must keep four amos away from any planting.
"V'im lav" - if the aris is too high and the harvester's hand cannot reach the lattice above his head in order to harvest from it, "ein oser ela k'negdo" - planting is forbidden only directly beneath the lattice itself, and not beyond it.
Two rows of vines at different heights:
From here the mishnah moves from the subject of a trellised vine to the law of two rows of vines planted in the ground. As we mentioned, as long as there are two rows - one of three vines and one of two, which extends out like a tail - that is enough to be considered a vineyard.
About this case Rabbi Eliezer says: "Af notei'a achas ba'aretz v'achas bamadregah". Since the discussion until now was about a mound within a valley, we apply this to the law of an ordinary vineyard as well: one row of vines is planted in the ground below, in the valley, and the second row is planted on top of the mound.
"Im min ha'aretz asarah tefachim - einam mitztarfim zeh im zeh" - when the mound is ten tefachim higher than the area of the valley, the vines on the mound do not combine with those in the valley to form a vineyard.
"V'im lav, harei zu mitztarefes imah" - if the mound is not ten tefachim high, the vines growing on top of the hill do combine with those below to form a vineyard.
In summary: in this mishnah we learned two laws. The first concerns an aris extending out from a terrace over the valley: if one can stand on the ground and harvest all of it, its status is that of a vineyard and it prohibits four amos in the field; and if not, it prohibits only the area directly beneath it. The second concerns two rows of vines, one on the ground and one on a terrace: at a height of ten tefachim they do not combine with one another, and at less than that they do combine to form a vineyard.