Shevuos, Chapter 3, Mishnah 11. Like the previous mishnah, this one too lists the applications and situations in which an oath taken in vain (shevuas shav) takes effect.
Where a shevuas shav applies:
"Ba'anashim uvanashim" - a shevuas shav applies both to men who swear and to women who swear.
"Bircho'kim uvikrovim" - whether he swore about people who are not his relatives or about his relatives. For example: a person who swears that a man is a woman or that a woman is a man, whether or not those people are related to him.
"Bikesheirim uvipesulim" - whether the one swearing is fit to testify or is disqualified from testifying.
"Bifnei beis din veshelo bifnei beis din" - whether he swore before a court or not before a court.
"Mipi atzmo" - when he administers the oath to himself.
In all of these cases a shevuas shav takes effect.
As we mentioned regarding the previous mishnah, this list is meant to set things in contrast to the first mishnah of the next chapter, which deals with the oath of testimony, where not all of these situations are equal.
Intentional and unintentional:
"Vechayavin al zedonah makkos ve'al shigegasah patur" - one who takes a shevuas shav intentionally is liable to lashes, while one who swears unintentionally is completely exempt: there is no offering here and nothing at all.
One who is sworn by others:
"Achas zo ve'achas zo - hamushba mipi acheirim chayav" - both regarding a shevuas shav and regarding the oath of expression discussed in the previous mishnah: even one who does not administer the oath to himself, but rather another person administers it to him, is liable.
"Keitzad?" - the example the mishnah brings is with an oath of expression: a person declared "I did not eat today" or "I did not put on tefillin today," and someone who heard his words said to him "Mashbi'acha ani" - meaning, I want you to swear about this - "ve'amar amen," and he answered amen. In such a case "chayav": he is liable for that oath just as if he had sworn on his own.
In the next section we will take up the fourth chapter, which opens with the laws of the oath of testimony.