Shekalim, Chapter 4, Mishnah 1. This mishnah takes up the question of what was done with the shekels collected in the Terumah of the Chamber: "HaTerumah mah hayu osin bah" - what exactly were these funds used for?
"Lokchin bah temidin u'musafin v'niskeihem":
"Temidin" - the daily offerings brought every day: the morning tamid and the afternoon tamid.
"U'musafin" - the Musaf offerings, which were brought on Rosh Chodesh, on Shabbos and on festivals.
"V'niskeihem" - the wine poured with them, as well as the meal offerings that accompany them.
"Ha'omer" - the barley offering that was brought on the sixteenth of Nissan.
"Ushtei halechem" - the two loaves that were brought on Shavuos.
"V'lechem hapanim" - the bread that was placed on the Table and brought every week.
"V'chol korbanos hatzibbur" - a general clause that comes to include even the incense.
All of these were purchased with the funds of the Terumah of the Chamber.
"Shomrei sefichin bashevi'is notlin secharan mi'terumas halishkah":
The Terumah of the Chamber was also used to pay the wages of the guards watching over the grain that grew on its own during the Shemittah year. Although it is forbidden to plant in the seventh year, grain was needed for the offerings - the Omer on Pesach and the two loaves. These two offerings must come specifically from the new grain, from the new crop. In contrast, for the ordinary meal offerings old grain could be used, provided that it was purchased with new funds.
Since the Omer and the two loaves must come from the new crop, it was necessary to make sure that the grain growing on its own in the fields would not be eaten. Workers were therefore hired to guard it, and these guards of the aftergrowth received their wages from the Terumah of the Chamber.
The dispute between Rabbi Yosi and the Sages:
Rabbi Yosi holds that there is no need to pay them from the Terumah of the Chamber, since "af harotzeh misnadev shomer chinam" - anyone who wishes may volunteer and guard the grain free of charge.
The Sages disagreed with him and said to him: "af atah omer she'einan ba'in ela mishel tzibbur" - you yourself agree that the Omer offering and the two loaves must come from the community, from what is owned by the community. And since all the grain in the seventh year is ownerless and free for the taking, one who guards it free of charge becomes the owner of that grain, and even if he then donates it, it is an individual's offering.
The root of the dispute: the Sages hold that something which is an individual's offering from the outset, belonging to a private person, cannot become a communal offering. Rabbi Yosi disagrees and holds that an individual's offering can become a communal offering.
In summary: in this mishnah we learned that the daily offerings, the Musaf offerings and their accompanying libations, the Omer, the two loaves, the lechem hapanim and all the communal offerings were purchased from the Terumah of the Chamber, and that its funds also paid the wages of the guards of the aftergrowth in the seventh year. We examined the dispute between Rabbi Yosi and the Sages as to whether it is enough to rely on a guard who volunteers free of charge, and the underlying issue in that dispute: whether an individual's offering can become a communal offering.