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Keilim Chapter 24, Mishnah 15: The Three Kinds of Leather Gloves

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Keilim, Chapter 24, Mishnah 15. This chapter moves through one item after another, and with each item the Mishnah draws a threefold division, giving a separate ruling to every variant. One variant is susceptible to tumat midras (the tumah conveyed by a zav and those like him when they press their weight onto an article designed for sitting, lying or leaning). A second variant is exempt from midras yet still counts as a utensil and can therefore pick up other forms of tumah, corpse-tumah among them. A third variant is no utensil whatsoever and remains tahor no matter what touches it. In our mishnah that same division is applied to leather hand coverings.

The opening words are "Sheloshah peraklinin hen": the leather glove called a peraklin comes in three forms, and what determines the halachah of each is the trade it was fashioned to serve.

The hunter's glove

"Shel tzayedei chayah va'of, tamei midras": the glove worn by those who trap beasts and birds is susceptible to tumat midras. What the Mishnah has in mind is the heavy leather gauntlet worn when hunting with a trained bird of prey, which grips the covered hand as its perch. Because such hunting is done in the hills and across broken terrain, the hunter constantly presses that gloved hand against rock and ground to brace himself and haul himself upward. The glove is thus built to carry a man's weight as he leans on it, and whatever is made to support a person in this fashion falls under the laws of midras.

The locust gatherer's glove

"Shel chagavin, tamei tumat met": the glove of the man who collects locusts is susceptible to corpse-tumah. He habitually tosses the locusts he has caught into the glove, which means the glove doubles as a receptacle, and anything that holds contents is a full keli capable of receiving tumah. Midras nevertheless has no place here, since no one rests or presses upon it; it was never designed to carry the weight of a body.

The fruit dryer's glove

"Veshel kayatzin, tahor miklum": the glove of the worker who dries fruit stays tahor from every tumah. Its only role is to keep his hands from getting soiled while he handles the produce. Shielding the hands from dirt does not qualify as a use that gives an object the status of a keli, and where there is no keli there is nothing that tumah can take hold of.

So we have three gloves and three verdicts: the glove designed to be leaned upon is subject to midras, the glove that also serves as a receptacle is subject to corpse-tumah, and the glove that does nothing more than keep the hands clean stays entirely tahor.