Bikkurim, Chapter 2, Mishnah 3. This mishnah lists matters that Terumah and Maaser Sheni have in common, while Bikkurim does not share them.
Matters that apply to Terumah and Maaser Sheni but do not apply to Bikkurim:
"Osrin es hagoren" - as long as the Terumah and the maaser have not been separated, the pile of grain on the threshing floor may not be eaten, since it has the status of tevel, and it does not become permitted until the Terumah and the maaser have been separated from it. Not so with Bikkurim: even though there is a mitzvah to bring them, and in practice they are separated before Terumah and maaser, failing to separate them does not forbid the rest of the produce of that field or of that tree.
"V'yesh lahem shiur" - the measure of Maaser Sheni is known from the Torah: a tenth of what remains after Terumah and maaser rishon have been separated. As for Terumah, although the Torah sets no measure for it, the Sages established a measure: a generous person gives one fortieth, an average person gives one fiftieth, and a stingy person gives one sixtieth - and these measures are rabbinic.
Bikkurim, seemingly, have no measure even rabbinically. However, the Yerushalmi cites a beraisa with the words of Rabbi Shimon, that Bikkurim too have a measure of one sixtieth, and that measure as well is not from the Torah but rabbinic. Some distinguish between two kinds of rabbinic law: the measure of Terumah is a rabbinic law that has an asmachta in the Torah, a source in which it is hinted at - one fiftieth is hinted at in the book of Bamidbar, and one sixtieth is hinted at in the book of Yechezkel; whereas the measure of Bikkurim has no hint at all in Scripture, and is purely an enactment of the Sages. This is the difference the mishnah is describing.
"V'nohagin b'chol haperos" - Terumah and Maaser Sheni apply to every kind of fruit and grain, unlike Bikkurim, which apply only to the seven species - the fruits and grains with which the Land of Israel is praised.
"Bifnei habayis v'shelo bifnei habayis" - the mitzvos of Terumah and Maaser Sheni apply both when the Beis HaMikdash stands and after it was destroyed, because the sanctity of the Land remains even after the destruction. Bikkurim, however, since they must be brought to the Beis HaMikdash, depend on its existence.
"U'v'arisin u'v'chachiros u'v'sikarikon u'v'gazlan" - the obligation of Terumah and Maaser Sheni applies also to sharecroppers, whether a sharecropper who pays a percentage of the crop or a renter who pays a fixed amount of the crop, and likewise to the sikarikon - an armed bandit who seizes the field - and to a robber. All of them are obligated in Terumah and Maaser Sheni, and none of them are obligated in Bikkurim.
In summary: all of these matters - "Harei eilu b'terumah u'v'maaser" - apply to Terumah and Maaser Sheni, "mah she'ein kein b'bikkurim" - which is not the case with the mitzvah of Bikkurim.